The Hindu e-paper: Read The Hindu newspaper in a digital format anytime, anywhere. The Hindu BusinessLine e-paper: Read The Hindu BusinessLine newspaper in a digital format at your own convenience. The Hindu: Experience the ad-free version of The HIndu with personalised recommendations, daily briefings and much more Toilet paper (sometimes called toilet tissue) is a tissue paper product primarily used to clean the anus and surrounding anal region of feces after defecation, and to clean the perineal area and external genitalia of urine after urination or other bodily fluid releases. It also acts as a layer of protection for the hands during these processes. It is usually supplied as a long strip of LITERATURE IN ENGLISH ENGLISH Paper – 2 (Two hours) Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper. The time given at the head of this paper is the time allowed for writing the answers. Attempt five
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Toilet paper sometimes called toilet tissue [1] is a tissue paper product primarily used to clean the anus and surrounding anal region of feces after defecationand to clean the perineal area and external genitalia of urine after urination or other bodily fluid releases.
It also acts as a layer of protection for the hands during these processes. It is usually supplied as a long strip of perforated paper wrapped around a paperboard core for storage in a dispenser near a toilet.
The bundle is known as a toilet roll[2] or loo roll [3] or bog roll [4] in Britain. There are other uses for toilet paper, paper on english, as it is a readily available household product. It can be used like facial tissue for blowing the nose or wiping the eyes. Some women may use the paper to absorb the bloody discharge that comes out of the vagina during menstruation. It can be used to wipe off sweat or absorb it. Toilet paper can be used in cleaning like a less abrasive paper towel.
As a pranktoilet papering is a form of temporary vandalism by adolescents and often directed at someone who has to clean up the mess. Most modern toilet paper in the developed world is designed to decompose in septic tankswhereas some other bathroom and facial tissues are not. Wet toilet paper rapidly decomposes in the environment. Toilet paper comes in various numbers of plies layers of thicknessfrom one- to six-ply, with more back-to-back plies providing greater strength and absorbency.
Some people have a preference for whether the orientation of the roll on a dispenser should be over or under, paper on english. The use of paper for hygiene has been recorded in China in the 6th century AD, with specifically manufactured toilet paper being mass-produced in the 14th century.
Although paper had been known as a wrapping and padding paper on english in China since the 2nd century BC, paper on english, [6] a reference to the use of toilet paper dates back as early as circa when the scholar-official Yan Zhitui — wrote:. Paper on which there are quotations or commentaries from the Five Classics or the names of sages, I dare not use for toilet purposes.
During the later Tang dynasty — ADan Arab traveller to China in the year AD remarked:. they [the Chinese] do not wash themselves with water when they have done their necessities; but they only wipe themselves with paper, paper on english. During the early 14th century, it was recorded that in what is now Zhejiang alone, ten million packages of 1, to 10, sheets of toilet paper were manufactured annually, paper on english.
Elsewhere, wealthy people wiped themselves with woolpaper on english or hempwhile less wealthy people used their hand when defecating into rivers, or cleaned themselves with various materials such as rags, wood shavings, leavesgrass, haystonessandmosswater, snow, fernspaper on english, plant husksfruit skinsseashellsor corncobsdepending upon the country and weather conditions or social customs.
In Ancient Romea sponge on a stick [7] was commonly used, and, after use, placed back in a pail of vinegar, paper on english. Several talmudic sources indicating ancient Jewish practice refer to the use of small pebbles, often carried in a special bag, and also to the use of dry grass and of the smooth edges of broken pottery jugs e.
These are all cited in the classic Biblical and Talmudic Medicine by the German physician Julius Preuss Eng. Sanhedrin Press, The 16th-century Paper on english satirical writer François Rabelaisin Chapter XIII of Book 1 of his novel sequence Gargantua and Pantagruelhas his character Gargantua investigate a great number of ways of cleansing oneself after defecating.
Gargantua dismisses the use of paper as ineffective, rhyming that: "Who his foul tail with paper wipes, Shall at his ballocks leave some chips. He concludes that "the neck of a goose, that is well downed" provides an optimum cleansing medium. The rise of publishing by the eighteenth century led to the use of newspapers and cheap editions of popular books for cleansing. Lord Chesterfieldin a letter to his son intold of a man who purchased.
a common edition of Horace, of which he tore off gradually a couple of pages, paper on english, carried them with paper on english to that necessary place, read them first, and then sent them down as a sacrifice to Cloacina; thus was so much time fairly gained In many parts of the world, especially where toilet paper or the necessary plumbing for disposal may be unavailable or unaffordable, toilet paper is not used.
Also, in many parts of the world people consider using water a much cleaner and more sanitary practice than using paper. Joseph Gayetty is widely credited with being the inventor of modern commercially available toilet paper in the United States. Gayetty's paper, first introduced inwas available as late as the s. Gayetty's Medicated Paper was sold in packages of flat sheets, watermarked with the inventor's name.
Original advertisements for the product used the tagline "The greatest necessity of the age! Gayetty's medicated paper for the water-closet. Seth Wheeler of Albany, New Yorkobtained the earliest United States patents for toilet paper and dispensers, the types of which eventually were in common use in that country, in The manufacturing of this product had a long period of refinement, considering that as late as the s, a selling point of the Northern Tissue company was that their toilet paper was "splinter free".
Softer, two ply toilet roll was introduced in Britain inpaper on english, by St Andrew Mills in Walthamstow ; this became the famous Andrex. Moist toilet paper, called wet wipeswas first introduced in the United Kingdom by Andrex in the s.
It has been promoted as being a paper on english method of cleaning than dry toilet paper after defecation, and may be useful for women during menstruation. It was promoted as a flushable product but it has been implicated in the creation of fatbergs ; by some municipalities had begun education campaigns advising people not to flush used wet wipes.
More than seven billion rolls of toilet paper are sold yearly in the United States. Americans use an average of InJohnny Carson joked in his Tonight Show monologue about comments made by Wisconsin congressman Harold V. Froehlich about the possibility of a toilet paper shortage. Subsequently, consumers purchased abnormal amounts, causing an actual shortage in the United States for several months.
Toilet paper has been one of the commodities subject to shortages paper on english Venezuela starting in the s; the government seized one toilet paper factory in a failed effort to resolve the problem. During the COVID pandemictoilet paper shortages were reported in March in a number of countries due to excessive hoarding and panic buying.
At first, few believed the pandemic would be serious. Later, paper on english, people realized they might need to stock up on certain items in case of a shelter-in-place orderor in case they did not know how long such paper on english order would last; paper on english could not assure that they could keep up with paper on english. Demand was higher for the types of toilet paper used at home because so many people were at home who would have used toilet paper away from home.
Toilet paper is available in several types of paper, a variety of patterns, decorations, and textures, and it may be moistened or perfumed, although fragrances sometimes cause problems for users who are allergic to perfumes.
The average measures of a modern roll of toilet paper is c. in diameter, and weighs about grams 8 oz. Manufactured toilet paper sheet in the United States was sized 4. The width of sheets was later reduced giving a general sheet size of 3. Larger sizes remain available. The ply of a toilet paper refers to the number of layers per sheet.
Rolls are typically available in single-ply, 2-ply, 3-ply, paper on english, and 4-ply. Phrases like "single roll", paper on english, "double roll", "triple roll", "jumbo roll", and "mega roll" commonly used in retail advertising [33] refer to the number of sheets per roll though the actual number of sheets is also usually disclosed on packaging.
A longer roll needs to be replaced less often, but the very largest sizes do not fit all toilet paper dispensers, especially in older homes. Toilet paper is usually manufactured from pulpwood trees, but is also sometimes made from sugar cane byproducts or bamboo. Toilet paper products vary greatly in the distinguishing technical factors, such as size, weight, roughness, softness, chemical residues, "finger-breakthrough" resistance, water-absorption, paper on english, etc.
The larger companies have very detailed, scientific market surveys to determine which marketing sectors require or demand which of the many technical qualities. Modern toilet paper may have a light paper on english of aloe or lotion or wax worked into the paper to reduce roughness. Quality is usually determined paper on english the number of plies stacked sheetscoarseness, and durability.
Premium toilet paper may have lotion and wax and has two to four plies of very finely pulped paper. If it is marketed as "luxury", it may be quilted or rippled embossedperfumed, colored or patterned, medicated with anti-bacterial chemicalsor treated with aloe or other perfumes. To advance decomposition of the paper in septic tanks or drainage, the paper used has shorter fibres than facial tissue or writing paper.
The manufacturer tries to reach an optimal balance between rapid decomposition which requires shorter fibres and sturdiness which requires longer fibres. Compaction of toilet paper in drain lines, such as in a clog, prevents fibre dispersion and largely halts the breakdown process. A German quip says that the toilet paper of Nazi Germany was so rough and scratchy that it was almost unusable, so many people used old issues of the Völkischer Beobachter instead, because the paper was softer.
Colored toilet paper in colors such as pink, lavender, light blue, light green, purple, green, and light yellow so that one could choose a color of toilet paper that matched or complemented the color of one's bathroom was commonly sold in the United States from paper on english s.
Up untilScott was one of the last remaining U. manufacturers to still produce toilet paper in beige, blue, and pink. However, the company has since cut production of colored paper altogether. Today, in the United States, plain unpatterned colored toilet paper has been mostly replaced by patterned toilet paper, paper on english, normally white, with embossed decorative patterns or designs in various colors and different sizes depending on the brand.
Colored toilet paper remains commonly available in some European countries. A toilet roll holder, also known as a toilet paper dispenser, is an item that holds a roll of toilet paper. There are at least seven types of holders:. Some commercial or institutional toilet paper is wrapped around a cylinder to many times the thickness of a standard toilet paper roll.
There are two choices of orientation when using a holder with a horizontal axle parallel to the wall: the toilet paper may hang over or under the roll. The choice is largely a matter of personal preference, dictated by habit.
This is said to exhibit Endiannesswhich applies not only to eggsbut to toilet paper. Most Americans think it should go over the top, like a waterfall.
Toilegami refers to toilet paper origami. Like table napkins, some fancy Japanese hotels fold the first squares of toilet paper paper on english its dispenser to be presented in a fashionable way.
In the United States, toilet paper has been the primary tool in a prank known as "TP-ing" pronounced "teepeeing". TP-ing, or "toilet papering", is often favored by adolescents and paper on english the act of throwing rolls of toilet paper over cars, trees, houses and gardens, causing the toilet paper to unfurl and cover the property, creating an inconvenient mess.
Children and cats may unroll an entire roll of toilet paper by spinning it until it completely unravels on the floor, paper on english, or as a game by children wadding up one end, putting it in the toilet bowl without tearing it and then using the flushing of the toilet to pull new paper into the toilet, paper on english, with the objective of flushing the entire roll down the toilet section at a time without the toilet paper breaking.
Special toilet paper insert holders with an oblong shape were invented to prevent continuous unrolling without tearing to discourage this practice. Toilet paper pranks include musical toilet paper holders and inserts that are activated by the unrolling of the toilet paper and will loudly play an embarrassing song calling attention to the person defecating, paper on english.
Other gags include custom toilet paper printed with jokes, stories or politician's images. Alexander Balankin and coauthors have studied the behavior of toilet paper under tensile stress paper on english [43] and during wetting and burning. Toilet paper has been used in physics education to demonstrate the paper on english of torquemoment of inertiaand angular momentum ; [45] [46] [47] and paper on english conservation of paper on english and energy.
One tree produces about rolls pounds kg of toilet paper and about 83 million rolls are produced per day.
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, time: 1:03:59Toilet paper - Wikipedia
The Hindu e-paper: Read The Hindu newspaper in a digital format anytime, anywhere. The Hindu BusinessLine e-paper: Read The Hindu BusinessLine newspaper in a digital format at your own convenience. The Hindu: Experience the ad-free version of The HIndu with personalised recommendations, daily briefings and much more Nov 17, · In , Jackson received a perfect 20/20 for his final Paper 1. In this guide, he will share his secrets on the IB English Paper 1 so that you can conquer it too! You can also check out LitLearn’s IB English Paper 2 guide for in-depth Paper 2 advice. Topics included. What is a Paper 1? What to write about in a commentary paper definition: 1. thin, flat material made from crushed wood or cloth, used for writing, printing, or drawing on. Learn more
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